Mining is one of the sectors most important Peruvian economy is usually more than 50% of exports Peruvian figures around 4 billion dollars a year. By its very nature large-scale mining is a sector that generates large movements of capital but not labor, and in 2003 accounted for 4.7% of GDP, but occupied only 0.7% of the PEA. Mining has become so important that since 1993, Peru has doubled its production minerals.
The main minerals exported by our country are: copper, gold , iron, silver, zinc and lead, among others. Currently they are all strongly demanded as inputs to processes high-tech industry.
Peru is a traditional mining country. During the colonial era were exploited the silver mines of Potosi (Bolivia Today ) and the quicksilver mines of Santa Barbara (Huancavelica). The quicksilver is known today as the mercury and was once essential for the separation of silver. Various sources agree that minerals from these mines allowed the survival and development of Europe.
Peru is a traditional mining country. During the colonial era
In Peru, the holding Cerro de Pasco (Pasco) opened in 1905 and in 1922 opened the La Oroya metallurgical complex (Junín). In the nineties, numerous mining concessions granted as part of the political opening of markets government of Alberto Fujimori. Currently the largest copper holdings are recorded in Cuajone (Moquegua), Toquepala (Tacna), Cerro Verde (Arequipa) and Tintaya (Cuzco). Cerro de Pasco and its surroundings continue to extract zinc, lead and silver. Marcona (Ica) with iron and San Rafael (Puno) with tin. With respect to gold, Yanacocha and Sipan (Cajamarca), Pierina (Ancash) and Santa Rosa (La Libertad ) are the biggest farms.
Peru has 16% of of known mineral reserves, including 15% of copper and 7% of zinc. It is estimated that up to today day Peru, has drawn only 12% of their mineral resources and with adequate technology can triple its current production , especially in base metals. The main plaintiffs are U.S. gold , Switzerland and the UK. Thus, since 1990 in Peru withdrawals have increased by 500%.
The privatization of the large domestic mining, undertaken by the government Peru in 1991, has attracted over one hundred foreign companies. 40% of these investments comes from Canada, and the rest of Australia , United States, Mexico , South Africa, China , Switzerland, United Kingdom, Luxembourg and Italy . The state and Centromín companies and Minero Peru were virtually shut down and its assets liquidated.
For the period between 1992 and 2007 is planned invest 9.811 million dollars in the sector. The most ambitious project the Canadian companies Noranda, Rio Algom and Teck, and Japan's Mitsubishi, polymetallic deposit in Antamina that produces copper, lead, silver and zinc, is located in Ancash and is considered one of the largest deposits in the world.
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